Greek Poleis, Hellenistic Kingdoms 337-31 B.C.: BC Timeline: Western Civilization I

BC Timeline: Western Civilization I

Greek Poleis, Hellenistic Kingdoms 337-31 B.C.

Compiled by Mrs.Julie Richey, M.A.

594 Solon appointed archeon of Athens

    Sherman Dennis and Joyce Salisbury.  The West in the World: A History of Western Civilization

    Solon Put Athens on the Road to Democracy The Rule of Law in Dangerous Times        CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION: Bill of Rights in Action. Fall 2006 (22:3)

    http://www.athens-greece.us/ancient-athens/ancient-agora-of-athens/Ancient-Agora-1.jpg image

500 Roman republic founded 1

495-429 Pericles leads Athens, builds Acropolis temples 14

490-479 Persian Wars with Greece 14, 30

490  First Persian invasion of Greece repelled at the Battle of Marathon; first marathon 14,30

480-479 Second Persian Invasion repelled  14

           480 "Pass of Thermopylae" (Spartans betrayed; Persians won) 30, 31, 32, 34

    29 September 480 naval battle at Salamis (Athens won) 30, 33, 34

    479 land battle at Plataea (Spartans won) 30, 34

479-404 Golden Age of Athens 14, 35

479-336  Classical (Greece) Age  14, 35

469–399 Socrates 14, 37

     37 Nails, Debra, "Socrates", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2014 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.),  URL = <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2014/entries/socrates/>.     http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/socrates/    

460 Age of Pericles; height of Athenean democracy  

Ellis Elisabeth Gaynor and Anthony Esler. World History.            https://tse1.mm.bing.net/th?&id=Ac13b2278517451a3f11b61188dfae58c&w=197&h=300&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0&r=0  image of Pericles

        http://www.biography.com/people/pericles-9437722 Pericles bio

 

ca. 460-377 Hippocrates “Father of Modern Medicine”  14, 36, 48

48 image and summary of Hippocrates http://medicalhistory101.blogspot.com/2012/10/hippocrates.html

  

431–404 Peloponnesian War  (Athens vs. Sparta) 14, 34, 35,49

    **  49 The Golden Age of Athens, student video summary.  (5:29) https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=pericles&&view=detail&mid=60AC85BC048B84D35CB460AC85BC048B84D35CB4&rvsmid=60AC85BC048B84D35CB460AC85BC048B84D35CB4&fsscr=0&FORM=VDMCNL

ca. 400 - ca. 325 Diogenes advocates Cynicism 41, 50, 51  50 image of Diogenes http://dogsmakeeverythingbetter.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/diogenes_and_dog.jpg

    51 video summary of “An Honest Man: Diogenes of Sinope”  (7:26) https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Diogenes+Honest+Man&&view=detail&mid=F2C02A9880430D59E44AF2C02A9880430D59E44A&FORM=VRDGAR

   

400 -323 Decline of the Poleis (democratically ruled city-states of Ancient Greece) 41

399 Death of Socrates  14, 37, 53, 54

    53 image of Socrates,  “The Test of Three”. http://www.the-open-mind.com/socrates-the-test-of-three-1/

    54 Plato’s Republic;  explanation of Socratic Method. https://www.scu.edu/character/resources/education-in-platos-republic/

5 July 371  Spartans were defeated by Thebes at the Battle of Leuctra

https://tse1.mm.bing.net/th?&id=OIP.M37845b8d42520201a45dbd269f5b4684o0&w=300&h=229&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0&r=0 map

   https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Time+Commanders+Leuctra&&view=detail&mid=C13B32F8BC9FF7C1502CC13B32F8BC9FF7C1502C&rvsmid=A8A8DD19BA604D3C7F61A8A8DD19BA604D3C7F61&fsscr=0&FORM=VDQVAP Time Commanders, BBC game

   

399-347 Plato flourishes 14, 39,

     Plato’s Republic;  explanation of Socratic Method. https://www.scu.edu/character/resources/education-in-platos-republic/  

http://www.ancient.eu/uploads/images/1165.jpg image

   

   

359-336  Philip II rules Macedonia

    52 image of King Philip II of Macedonia https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-II-king-of-Macedonia/images-videos/Philip-II-undated-bust/112270

    56 http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/punic-wars

    57 http://scottthong.files.wordpress.com/2007/05/800px-phalanx.jpg

Hoplite phalanx formation image

    

ca. 342 - ca. 292 Life of playwright Menander

  https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=menander+quotes&view=detailv2&qpvt=menander+quotes&id=B0EEBB36CDA15FED60E30FBA502F4B8C42E38B57&selectedIndex=8&ccid=WFqU2kfU&simid=608024322079722442&thid=OIP.M585a94da47d4f7e1528a29c321307974o0  

image with quote

    “From Greek to Roman Theater Architecture ” https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Menander+Dramatist&&view=detail&mid=33D2E4CF2CB5D5365BBE33D2E4CF2CB5D5365BBE&rvsmid=71F86E6EA524B6999D1C71F86E6EA524B6999D1C&fsscr=0&FORM=VDMCNR

338  Philip conquers Greece https://tse1.mm.bing.net/th?&id=OIP.Maa074fd51289a99c7b814a31137881cfo0&w=300&h=208&c=0&pid=1.9&rs=0&p=0&r=0 map image

       “Macedonia vs City States at the Battle in Chaeronea - Documentary” (8:29)

(8:29)https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=338+philip+conquered+greece&&view=detail&mid=A89848BB909D4BEF3678A89848BB909D4BEF3678&FORM=VRDGAR

337/336-323 Alexander the Great rules         image https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=alexander+the+great&view=detailv2&&id=7351D0953C4D456291E2CED799235F70C4B19E2B&selectedIndex=6&ccid=x%2bbVjeIh&simid=608002980396729737&thid=OIP.Mc7e6d58de2211d79dd19f2825709ab44o0

   

http://www.foxnews.com/science/2016/09/12/rare-discovery-ancient-synagogue-mosaic-may-depict-alexander-great.html  new mosaic uncovered in Israel  

337-31  Hellenistic Kingdoms was the  absolute rule by kings after the death of Alexander until the rise of  Rome. 41

ca. 335 - ca. 280 Life of physician Herophilus  https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Herophilus%27+Tools&view=detailv2&&id=7DF831FC6985A767BF77D67000070C03E35D04A0&selectedIndex=9&ccid=KXwdhlLo&simid=608030588443362922&thid=OIP.M297c1d8652e8659370b5e87675759a95o0 image of quote

             https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Herophilus%27+Tools&view=detailv2&&id=7DF831FC6985A767BF77D67000070C03E35D04A0&selectedIndex=9&ccid=KXwdhlLo&simid=608030588443362922&thid=OIP.M29(7c1d8652e8659370b5e87675759a95o0 medical dictionaries & periodicals summaried

    Father of Anatomy (used dissection)

333 Battle of Issus

    http://www.ancient.eu/Battle_of_Issus/ summary and maps

           “Alexander The Great The Battle Of Issus” (44:46) Narration: Brian Cox https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ds_g_QiFsBE

332 Alexander conquers Egypt  41

    Established Alexandria at the mouth of the Nile River.

14 November 332 Alexander’s coronation as Pharaoh of Egypt

    http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/alexanderthegreat.htm summary

 1st October 331 Battle of Gaugamela (Arbela):  

       Alexander the Great of Macedon (victor)  vs. King Darius III of Persia. 41, 45

        45 http://www.ancient.eu/Battle_of_Gaugamela/

330 Alexander destroys Persepolis (Persian capital) https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=330+Alexander+destroys+Persepolis&view=detail&mid=BD37EC1A63BC787EDE41BD37EC1A63BC787EDE41&FORM=VIRE (7:46) “Destroying of Persepolis - End of the Persian empire”

323 Alexander the Great  dies  

      Successor kingdoms established (Seleucid, Ptolemaic, Antigonid, ...)  41

      Hellenistic Age begins 42

322  Death of Aristotle 14, 40

321 Zeno founds Stoicism https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=321+Zeno+founds+Stoicism&view=detailv2&&id=553405F0BE9916F25EEB86FCB1B5A4E1FE369619&selectedIndex=2&ccid=VBlFO%2bEm&simid=607987857817732482&thid=OIP.M5419453be126adfb6b835667b810dc09o0

ca. 310 - ca. 230  Life of Aristarchus, who posited heliocentric universe

http://physics.gmu.edu/~hgeller/Lec01dHG/tsld016.htm

(sun at center with other bodies revolving around the sun)

http://www.qsl.net/sv1qn/ARISTARCHUS/aristarchus.jpg image

ca. 306  Epicurus founds school of philosophy  http://www.bentleywoodbridge.com/magazine/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Epicurus-Quotes-2.jpg image

305-64 Seleucid Kingdom  (Babylon and much of Alexander’s territories in the near east.)

http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Maps/Map_Seleucid_empire.jpg

305-30 Ptolemaic Egypt  

ca. 300 Euclid published Elements on mathematics.  http://www.touregypt.net/images/touregypt/mouseion8.jpg  image

264-146 Punic Wars (series of three wars between Rome and Carthage)

ca. 220 Archimedes advances engineering.

(theory of displacement, boyancy) https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Archimedes+Eureka+Moment&view=detailv2&&id=168A3681280332EF4EF285E8E26EE5CE4AC142A2&selectedIndex=0&ccid=4uUIz%2fpc&simid=608054086209831011&thid=OIP.Me2e508cffa5c3774bcf11902992a8d1fo0 image

    https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Who+Said+Eureka&&view=detail&mid=0865C79A5F8B24C07C330865C79A5F8B24C07C33&FORM=VRDGAR The real story behind Archimedes’ Eureka! - Armand D'Angour  (4:41)

205 Rosetta Stone records the coronation of Ptolemy V in Greek, demotic, and hieroglyphic scripts.  3

197 Rosetta Stone

https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=205+Rosetta+Stone+Ptolemy&&view=detail&mid=0EF7E32A6F7BF437E01F0EF7E32A6F7BF437E01F&FORM=VRDGAR (7:37)

    https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=egypt+writing+stone+broken&view=detailv2&&id=A24A6AB99EEF661BFB3F9C008E9D20B33545E910&selectedIndex=74&ccid=wCgtT9rS&simid=607990147029929925&thid=OIP.Mc0282d4fdad25ee50f1e9549683692bco0 image

190-120 Hipparchus of Nicaea (trigonometry, latitude, longitude, equinoxes)       http://www.astro.cornell.edu/academics/courses/astro201/hipparchus.htm

https://tse1.mm.bing.net/th?id=A0d62f8347ad8e01f0272187bf3365b91&w=118&h=149&c=7&rs=1&qlt=90&pid=3.1&rm=2 image

166-164 Maccabean Revolt

   http://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/maccabean-revolt/

    https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=maccabean+revolt&view=detailv2&&id=A02497CCCD8C535FDDD284E8880BEAB49FDE184D&selectedIndex=0&ccid=J8%2f0Rt7P&simid=607990885772101241&thid=OIP.M27cff446decf78eafda30ff9f0f3a75eH0 image

131 Rome becomes the dominant civilization in the Mediterranean 42

Greek Poleis, Hellenistic Kingdoms                                

    41 Sherman Dennis and Joyce Salisbury.  The West in the World: A History of Western Civilization 5th ed. New York: NY: McGraw Hill Education  ISBN: 978-0-07-340703-6  pp.74-101

    42 Ellis Elisabeth Gaynor and Anthony Esler. World History.  Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.  2009.  ISBN:978-0-13-365191-1  

    https://quizlet.com/19543357/western-civilization-exam-one-flash-cards/  Note, these flashcards cover a longer period than this timeline.